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Lithium-ion batteries have become the dominant energy storage technology in a wide range of applications, particularly in the transportation sector, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and fuel-cell hybrid EVs. As these applications require high power and energy density, reliability, and long service life, the integration of embedded battery systems and the development of advanced battery management strategies have become increasingly important. In this context, modular battery energy storage systems, where the pack is composed of multiple controllable battery units (each unit corresponding to a single cell or a small group of cells connected in series and/or parallel), offer several advantages. A modular architecture enables improved energy efficiency, health-aware control, fault tolerance, continuity of service, enhanced operational flexibility, and better thermal management. These features are essential for embedded systems in which performance, safety, and durability are critical. However, modular battery systems also introduce new challenges. To fully exploit the benefits of modularity, each battery unit must operate efficiently while ensuring global consistency at the pack level. This requires accurate estimation of individual unit states, coordinated control algorithms, and real-time optimization to maintain balanced electrical and thermal behavior across all units. The objective of this internship is to contribute to the development of advanced control and energy-management strategies for a modular lithium-ion battery system composed of battery units and DC/DC converters. Particular emphasis is placed on improving energy efficiency and enabling health-aware operation throughout the entire operating cycle of EV applications.